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Origin: United States
Weight
10–35 lbs
Height
10–23 inches
Lifespan
12–18 years
Coat
Short, smooth, dense coat that requires minimal maintenance
Breeder Cost
$500–$1,500
Adoption Cost
$200–$400
Rat Terriers are lively, intelligent, and affectionate companions with a strong desire to please their owners. They possess a keen alertness and a playful demeanor, making them wonderful family pets that love interactive play. Due to their history as farm dogs, they maintain a high curiosity and alertness toward their surroundings.
Best For
Active individuals or families who can provide regular daily exercise, mental enrichment, and plenty of interactive companionship.
Require at least 30 to 60 minutes of daily exercise, including brisk walks, playtime, and mental stimulation to keep them happy.
Very low maintenance; occasional brushing with a rubber curry brush and routine nail trimming are all that is needed to keep their short coat neat.
Coat type: Short, smooth, dense coat that requires minimal maintenance
The Rat Terrier is generally a sturdy breed. Primary health concerns include Patellar Luxation, Hip Dysplasia, Primary Lens Luxation (PLL). Regular veterinary checkups, appropriate health screenings, and responsible breeding practices help minimize these risks.
Patellar Luxation
Dislocation of the kneecap, common in small breeds, causing occasional limping.
Hip Dysplasia
Malformation of the hip joint that can lead to arthritis or discomfort over time.
Primary Lens Luxation (PLL)
An inherited eye condition where the lens of the eye dislodges, potentially causing glaucoma.
Developed in the United States during the early 20th century by crossing various terriers like the Smooth Fox Terrier with feists, beagles, and whippets to create an efficient farm hunter and ratter.
They come in two recognized size varieties: Miniature and Standard.
Their name was reportedly coined by President Theodore Roosevelt.
They are exceptionally agile and excel in various dog sports like agility and barn hunting.
Owning a Rat Terrier is a long-term financial commitment. Here's a realistic breakdown of what to budget for.
Annual Cost
$700–$1,400
First Year (incl. setup)
$1,200–$2,500
High-quality small-breed dry or wet food
Routine checkups, vaccines, and parasite prevention
Minimal professional grooming; mostly home maintenance
Durable toys, leash, collar, and bedding
* Estimates based on national averages. Costs vary by location, lifestyle, and individual health needs. Emergency vet visits are not included.
Use the guides below to compare practical options alongside this breed's care needs.
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Temperament
Climate & Physical
Compatibility
Rural & Outdoor
Scores reflect breed tendencies. Individual training significantly affects both livestock safety and off-leash reliability.
Based on breed-specific genetic health risks and common conditions
Many Rat Terriers are waiting in shelters and breed-specific rescues. Adoption costs are typically $200–$400 vs. $500–$1,500 from a breeder.
Read our Rescue Guide →Get a printable PDF with traits, cost of ownership, health notes, and best-fit summary — free.