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Rat Terrier
Terrier

Rat Terrier

Origin: United States

EnergeticInquisitiveAffectionateAlertPlayful

Weight

10–35 lbs

Height

10–23 inches

Lifespan

12–18 years

Coat

Short, smooth, dense coat that requires minimal maintenance

Breeder Cost

$500–$1,500

Adoption Cost

$200–$400

Personality & Temperament

Rat Terriers are lively, intelligent, and affectionate companions with a strong desire to please their owners. They possess a keen alertness and a playful demeanor, making them wonderful family pets that love interactive play. Due to their history as farm dogs, they maintain a high curiosity and alertness toward their surroundings.

Best For

Active individuals or families who can provide regular daily exercise, mental enrichment, and plenty of interactive companionship.

Exercise & Activity Needs

Require at least 30 to 60 minutes of daily exercise, including brisk walks, playtime, and mental stimulation to keep them happy.

Grooming & Coat Care

Very low maintenance; occasional brushing with a rubber curry brush and routine nail trimming are all that is needed to keep their short coat neat.

Coat type: Short, smooth, dense coat that requires minimal maintenance

Common Health Conditions

The Rat Terrier is generally a sturdy breed. Primary health concerns include Patellar Luxation, Hip Dysplasia, Primary Lens Luxation (PLL). Regular veterinary checkups, appropriate health screenings, and responsible breeding practices help minimize these risks.

Patellar Luxation

Dislocation of the kneecap, common in small breeds, causing occasional limping.

Hip Dysplasia

Malformation of the hip joint that can lead to arthritis or discomfort over time.

Primary Lens Luxation (PLL)

An inherited eye condition where the lens of the eye dislodges, potentially causing glaucoma.

History & Origin

Developed in the United States during the early 20th century by crossing various terriers like the Smooth Fox Terrier with feists, beagles, and whippets to create an efficient farm hunter and ratter.

Interesting Facts

  • 1

    They come in two recognized size varieties: Miniature and Standard.

  • 2

    Their name was reportedly coined by President Theodore Roosevelt.

  • 3

    They are exceptionally agile and excel in various dog sports like agility and barn hunting.

Cost of Ownership

Owning a Rat Terrier is a long-term financial commitment. Here's a realistic breakdown of what to budget for.

Annual Cost

$700–$1,400

First Year (incl. setup)

$1,200–$2,500

Food$250–$450/yr

High-quality small-breed dry or wet food

Vet Care$300–$600/yr

Routine checkups, vaccines, and parasite prevention

Grooming$50–$150/yr

Minimal professional grooming; mostly home maintenance

Supplies & Toys$100–$250/yr

Durable toys, leash, collar, and bedding

* Estimates based on national averages. Costs vary by location, lifestyle, and individual health needs. Emergency vet visits are not included.

Plan daily life with your Rat Terrier

Use the guides below to compare practical options alongside this breed's care needs.

Pet Tech Essentials

The right technology makes dog ownership easier, safer, and more connected — whether you're home or away. These are the products our editors consider must-haves for every dog owner.

Breed Traits

Best forfamilies with kids · apartment living · first-time owners
Positive for ownersNeeds managementInformational
Energy Level
High
Trainability
High
Apartment OK
High
Kid-Friendly
High
Pet-Friendly
Moderate
Affection Level
High
Grooming
Very Low
Shedding
Low

Temperament

Barking
Moderate
Protective
Moderate
Sep. Anxiety
Moderate
Stubbornness
Moderate
Noise Sensitive
Moderate

Climate & Physical

Heat Tolerance
High
Cold Tolerance
Low
Water Affinity
Low
Drool Level
Very Low

Compatibility

Rural & Outdoor

Livestock Safe
Very Low
Off-Leash Reliable
Low

Scores reflect breed tendencies. Individual training significantly affects both livestock safety and off-leash reliability.

Dog Friendly
High
Cat Friendly
Low
Prey Drive
Very High
✓
Good for first-time owners

Health & Longevity

Health Score
Excellent (8/10)

Based on breed-specific genetic health risks and common conditions

Longevity
12–18 years
5 yrs20 yrs
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Consider Adopting

Many Rat Terriers are waiting in shelters and breed-specific rescues. Adoption costs are typically $200–$400 vs. $500–$1,500 from a breeder.

Read our Rescue Guide →
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Download the Rat Terrier Guide

Get a printable PDF with traits, cost of ownership, health notes, and best-fit summary — free.

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