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Origin: Portugal
Weight
35–60 lbs
Height
17–23 inches
Lifespan
11–13 years
Coat
Single, non-shedding coat that comes in two varieties: curly or wavy.
The Portuguese Water Dog is an enthusiastic, intelligent, and fiercely loyal companion that thrives on human interaction and physical activity. Known for their webbed feet and love for swimming, they possess an eager-to-please attitude combined with an independent streak. They form strong bonds with their families and are famously known as energetic, fun-loving working dogs.
Best For
Active individuals or families with plenty of time for training, exercise, water activities, and mental stimulation.
Requires vigorous daily exercise including long walks, runs, or swimming sessions to burn off their high energy and prevent boredom.
Needs regular professional grooming and daily brushing (especially the retriever or lion clip cuts) to prevent matting in their single, non-shedding coat.
Coat type: Single, non-shedding coat that comes in two varieties: curly or wavy.
The Portuguese Water Dog is generally a sturdy breed. Primary health concerns include Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), Hip Dysplasia, Storage Disease (GM1). Regular veterinary checkups, appropriate health screenings, and responsible breeding practices help minimize these risks.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)
An inherited eye disease that causes gradual deterioration of the retina, eventually leading to blindness.
Hip Dysplasia
A genetic malformation of the hip socket that can cause discomfort, lameness, and arthritis.
Storage Disease (GM1)
A fatal hereditary metabolic disorder affecting the nervous system.
Originally bred by fishermen along the coast of Portugal, these dogs helped herd fish into nets, retrieve lost tackle, and act as couriers between ships and shore.
They have webbed toes which make them exceptional swimmers.
Their non-shedding coat makes them a popular choice for allergy sufferers.
They were historically referred to as 'Cão de Água' in their native Portugal.
Owning a Portuguese Water Dog is a long-term financial commitment. Here's a realistic breakdown of what to budget for.
Annual Cost
$1,200–$2,500
First Year (incl. setup)
$2,500–$4,500
High-quality medium-breed dog food
Routine checkups, vaccines, and parasite prevention
Regular clipping and professional coat maintenance
Durable toys, leash, crate, and bedding
* Estimates based on national averages. Costs vary by location, lifestyle, and individual health needs. Emergency vet visits are not included.
Use the guides below to compare practical options alongside this breed's care needs.
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Temperament
Climate & Physical
Compatibility
Rural & Outdoor
Scores reflect breed tendencies. Individual training significantly affects both livestock safety and off-leash reliability.
Based on breed-specific genetic health risks and common conditions
Many Portuguese Water Dogs are waiting in shelters and breed-specific rescues. Adoption costs are typically $50–$300 vs. $500–$3,000 from a breeder.
Read our Rescue Guide →Get a printable PDF with traits, cost of ownership, health notes, and best-fit summary — free.